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Judo Terms
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| age | raising or lifting motion |
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ago
|
chin
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ai
|
meeting or facing
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an-za
|
comfortable sitting position legs crossed
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ashi
|
leg or foot
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ashi-guruma
|
leg wheel throw
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ashi-jime
|
strangulation applied with the legs
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atemi-waza
|
striking techniques
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barai
|
modified pronunciation of harai (sweeping)
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basami
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modified pronunciation of hasami (scissors)
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budo
|
martial arts (modern forms )
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bujutsu
|
martial arts (traditional forms )
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choku
|
direct
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chu-gaeri
|
forward rolling break fall done in mid-air
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chui
|
caution ( penalty
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dan
|
degree or rank of black belt
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de-ashi-barai
|
advancing foot sweep throw
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do
|
way, method, philosophy, or system
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dojo
|
gymnasium or place for practice
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dori
|
modified pronunciation of tori
(grasping movement)
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eri
|
lapel or collar
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eri-seoi-nage
|
shoulder throw using the lapel or collar
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furi
|
waving motion
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fusen-gachi
|
win by default
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fusen-make
|
loss by default
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fusen-sho
|
win by default
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gachi
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pronunciation of kachi (win)
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gaeshi
|
modified pronunciation of kaeshi (counteraction)
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gake
|
modified pronunciation of kake (hooking action)
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gan
|
eye
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gan-men
|
face
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garami
|
modified pronunciation of karami
(entangled action)
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gari
|
modified pronunciation of kari
(cutting action
as when reaping grain with a sickle)
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gatame
|
modified pronunciation of katame
(holding or binding action
as in a hold-down or arm-lock)
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geiko
|
modified pronunciation of keiko (practice)
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go
|
five
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gokyu
|
5th grade colored belt holder
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go-no-sen-no-kata
|
ways or methods of countering so that one might
win when one appears to be behind
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goshi
|
modified pronunciation of koshi
( the hip, waist or loin area)
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goshin
|
self-defense or self-protection
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goshin-ho
|
methods of self-defense; name of one of the
Kodokan kata
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goshi-jutsu
|
techniques of self-defense; name of one of the
Kodokan kata
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guruma
|
modified pronunciation of kuruma (wheel)
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gyaku
|
reverse, backwards or opposite
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gyaku-juji-jime
|
strangulation with forearms crossed and palms
turned to a reverse position
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hachi
|
eight
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hahaka
|
naked
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hadaka-jime
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naked or bare arm strangulation or choke
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hajime
|
begin or start
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hando
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reflex or reaction to a given action
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hane
|
a springing or jumping action
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hane-goshi
|
a springing hip throw
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hane-makikomi
|
springing hip throw ending with a winding action
which brings the thrower down on top of the person being thrown
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hane-otoshi
|
springing hip throw ending with a dropping action
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hansoku
|
an infringement or violation
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hansoku-gachi
|
win by disqualification or violation
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hantei
|
decision; referee's command for judges to declare
a winner
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hara
|
stomach or abdomen area
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harai
|
sweeping action
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harai-goshi
|
sweeping hip throw
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harai-tsurikomi-ashi
|
sweeping foot throw while pulling up and forward
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hasami
|
scissors
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hidari
|
left
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hidari-jigo-tai
|
left defense posture
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hidari-shizen-tai
|
left natural posture
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hiki-wake
|
draw or tie contest
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hishigi
|
crushing
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hiza
|
knee
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hiza-gatame
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arm-lock using the knee for leverage
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hiza-guruma
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knee wheel throw
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ho
|
way, method
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ichi
|
one
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ikkyu
|
1st grade colored belt holder ( brown
)
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ippon
|
full point scored in a contest
one point ( when describing the position of
attack)
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ippon-seoi-nage
|
one point shoulder throw
( attacking one arm )
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itsutsu-no-kata
|
forms of five; name of one of the Kodokan Kata
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jigoku-jime
|
strangulation of hell
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Jigoro Kano
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the founder of Kodokan Judo
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jigo-tai
|
defensive posture
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jime
|
modified pronunciation of shime
(strangulation or choke)
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jita kyoei
|
mutual welfare and benefit
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jo
|
wooden staff or stick
place or site
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ju
|
soft, gentle, flexible, non-resisting
ten
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judan
|
10th dan (degree) black belt holder
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judo
|
the gentle or flexible way
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judogi
|
judo uniform
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judoka
|
one who practices judo
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juji
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a cross, usually at right angles
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juji-gatame
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an arm-lock in the form of a cross; (see under
ude-hishigi-juji-gatame)
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jujitsu
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a misspelling of the word jujutsu
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jujutsu
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techniques of gentleness or flexibility; the
martial art from which judo was derived
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ju-no-kata
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forms of gentleness; one of the Kodokan kata
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kachi
|
win or victory
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kaeshi
|
counteraction against a technique
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kaeshi-waza
|
counter techniques
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kakae
|
bear hug
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kake
|
the throwing action of a technique
attacking or accosting action
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kami
|
upper or top
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kami-shiho-gatame
|
upper four quarters (direction) holding
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kani
|
crab
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kani-basami
|
crab scissor throw
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Kano
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family name of the founder of judo
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kansetsu
|
joint
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kansetsu-waza
|
joint locking techniques ( joint locks)
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kappo
|
ways of revival or resuscitation
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kata
|
set forms or ways of demonstrating techniques
way or method of doing
shoulder
one side of two parts
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kata-gatame
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shoulder holding
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kata-guruma
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shoulder wheel throw
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kata-ha-jime
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single wing (arm) strangulation
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kata-juji-jime
|
strangulation with forearms crossed and palms
facing opposite directions
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kata-kesa-gatame
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holding by one arm after opponent has escaped
from kesa-gatame
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kata-osae
|
holding in a modified yoko-shiho-gatame
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katame
|
holding or binging action as in a hold-down or
arm lock
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katame-no-kata
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forms of holding; mane of one of the Kodokan kata
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katana
|
sword
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katsu
|
revival or resuscitation techniques
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kawazu
|
frog
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kawazu-gake
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hooking in a frog like action ( throwing the
opponent with one leg entwined around his, an illegal action)
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ke
|
kick
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keiko
|
practice or training
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keikoku
|
warning ( penalty given to competitor for serious
infringement of rule)
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kesa
|
the shoulder area of a judo uniform; scarf
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kesa-gatame
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holding by the shoulder area of the judo uniform
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keri
|
kicking action
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kiken
|
danger, dangerousness, hazard
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kiken-gachi
|
win by the withdrawal of opponent through injury
where it would be dangerous to continue
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kime
|
conclusion of ending of a technique
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kime-no-kata
|
forms of decision; name of one of the Kodokan
kata
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kime-shiki
|
rituals of decision; name of a form of self
defense; one of the Kodokan kata
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kiri
|
cutting movement
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kirikomi
|
cutting action
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ko
|
small minor or little
old or ancient
an association or club
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ko-bubo
|
old or ancient martial arts
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Kodokan
|
name of the judo school founded by Jijoro Kano
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Kodokan gokyo
|
the five groups comprising the 40 basic Kodokan
throwing techniques
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koho
|
backward direction
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koho ukemi
|
backward break falls
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koka
|
almost a yuko; the most minor score recorded in a
contest
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kokoro
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the spirit; heart, or soul; refers to the mental,
philosophical, and emotional elements of judo
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komi
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crowding or piling-on action
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koshi
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the hip, waist or loin area; also the small of
the back
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koshi-guruma
|
hip wheel throw
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ko-shiki-no-kata
|
forms of antiquity; mane of one of the Kodokan
kata
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koshi-waza
|
hip techniques
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ko-soto-gaze
|
minor outer hooking ankle throw
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ko-soto-gari
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minor outer reaping ankle throw
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ko-uchi-gari
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minor inner hooking ankle throw
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ku
|
nine
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kudan
|
9th dan (degree) black belt holder
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kumi
|
group or pair
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kumi-kata
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ways or methods of gripping or grasping opponent
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kuzure
|
modification or variation
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kuzure-kami-shiho-gatame
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modified upper four quarters (direction) holding
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kuzure-yoko-shiho-gatame
|
modified side four quarters (direction) holding
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kuzushi
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imbalance or breaking the balance of opponent
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kyu
|
rank or grade below black belt
nine
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ma
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straight, direct
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mae
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front, forward
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maitta
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“I give up”, a sign of submission
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make
|
loss or defeat
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makikomi
|
a winding or twisting action applied at the end
of a technique usually resulting with the tori falling with the
uke
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makura
|
pillow
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makura-kesa-gatame
|
holding by the shoulder area of the judo uniform
while cradling the opponent's head
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ma-sutemi
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directly backward sacrifice throw
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mata
|
inside of the thigh
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matte
|
wait or stop (the referee's command to stop
contest temporarily)
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mawashi
|
turning movement
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mi
|
body
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migi
|
right side
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migi-jigo-tai
|
right defensive posture
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migi-shizen-tai
|
right natural posture
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morote
|
both hands
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morote-gari
|
both hands reaping throw
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mudansha
|
non-black belt holders
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mune
|
chest
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mune-gatame
|
chest-holding
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nage
|
throwing action
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nage-no-kata
|
forms of throwing; name of one of Kodokan kata
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nage-waza
|
throwing techniques
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name-juji-gatame
|
strangulation with forearms crossed and palms in
a normal or ordinary position
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nana
|
seven
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naname
|
diagonally
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ne-waza
|
ground or grappling techniques
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ni
|
two
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nidan
|
2nd dan (degree) black belt holder
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nikyu
|
2nd kyu (degree) colored belt holder
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nuki
|
withdrawing (something) or taking out
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nuki-kake
|
taking (something) out and attacking action
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o
|
large, major or big
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obi
|
belt
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obi-tori-gaeshi
|
counter-throw by grasping the belt
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o-goshi
|
major hip throw
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o-guruma
|
major or large wheel throw
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okuri
|
following or sending off
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okuri-ashi-barai
|
sweeping ankle throw when opponent is retreating;
modified pronunciation of okuri-ashi-harai
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okuri-ashi-harai
|
sweeping ankle throw when opponent is retreating
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okuri-eri-jime
|
sliding collar strangulation
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oroshi
|
downward movement
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osae
|
controlling or pining action
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osae-komi
|
immobilization or hold down
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osae-waza
|
techniques for controlling or pinning
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oshi
|
pushing movement
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o-soto-gari
|
major outer reaping throw
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o-soto-guruma
|
major outer wheel throw
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o-soto-otoshi
|
major outer drop throw
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otoshi
|
dropping action
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o-uchi-gati
|
major inner reaping throw
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randori
|
free style practice
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rei
|
bow
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renraku-waza
|
combination techniques
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renshu
|
practice or training
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renzoku-waza
|
repetition attack with the same technique
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ritsu
|
standing
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sitdu-rei
|
standing bow
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rokkyu
|
6th kyu (grade) colored belt holder
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roku
|
six
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rokudan
|
6th dan (degree) black belt holder
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ryo
|
both
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ryo-te
|
both or two hands
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ryu
|
style type, or school of self-defense
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sabaki
|
pivoting action of body movement
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san
|
three
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sandan
|
3rd dan (degree) black belt holder
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sankaku
|
triangle
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sankaku-jime
|
triangular strangulation using legs
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sankyu
|
3rd kyu (grade) colored belt holder
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sasae
|
propping or blocking action
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sasae-tsurikomi-ashi
|
propping ankle throw while pulling upward and
forward
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sei
|
proper, right correct
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seifuku
|
regulating clothing or uniform
|
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seikotsu
|
resetting of dislocated joints or bones
|
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seiryoku-zenyo
|
maximum efficiency with minimum effort
|
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sei-za
|
sitting in a kneeling position
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sensei
|
instructor or teacher
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seoi
|
the top part of the back or shoulder
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seoi-nage
|
shoulder throw
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seoi-otoshi
|
shoulder drop
(combination of seoi-nage and tai-otoshi)
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shi
|
four
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shiai
|
contest, match or tournament
|
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shiai-jo
|
contest or tournament site
|
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shichi
|
seven
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shichidan
|
7th dan (degree) black belt holder
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shido
|
take note ( penalty given to competitor for a
slight infringement of the rules)
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shiho
|
the four directions of the compass; four quarters
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shime
|
strangulation or choking action
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shime-waza
|
strangulation or choking techniques
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shin
|
heart, mind, spirit
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shin-gi-tai
|
refers to a balance of the mind or spirit, the
attitude, and the physical aspects of a person
|
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shisei
|
posture
|
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shizen
|
nature
|
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shizen-tai
|
natural posture
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shizen-hontai
|
basic natural posture
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shodan
|
1st dan (degree) black belt holder
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sode
|
sleeve
|
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sode-tsurikomi-goshi
|
hip throw pulling upward and forward on the
sleeve
|
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sogo-gachi
|
compound or composite win
|
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soku
|
side
|
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soku-ho
|
sideways direction
|
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soku-ho-ukemi
|
sideways direction break falls
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sono-mama
|
“do not move”; referee's command to
contestants to hold the same position
|
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sore-made
|
“that is all”; signifies the end of
the contest
|
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sotai renshu
|
practice in pairs
|
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soto
|
outside, outer
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soto-makikomi
|
outside winding throw
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sukui
|
scooping action
|
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sukui-nage
|
scooping throw
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sumi
|
corner or nook
|
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sumi-gaeshi
|
corner counter throw
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sumi-otoshi
|
corner drop throw
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suri
|
sliding or rubbing movement
|
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suri-age
|
sliding or rubbing upward
|
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suri-ashi
|
walking with a gliding action so as not to lift
feet
|
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sute
|
throwing away action
|
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sute-geiko
|
practice with very little resistance
|
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sutemi
|
sacrifice or throwing oneself down
|
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sutuemi-waza
|
sacrifice techniques
|
|
|
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tachi
|
standing position
|
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tachi-waza
|
standing techniques
|
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tai
|
body, physical form
|
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tai-otoshi
|
body drop throw
|
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tai-sabaki
|
body movement or pivoting motion
|
|
|
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tandoku
|
solo practice or practicing movement by
oneself
part of goshin-ho
|
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tani
|
valley
|
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tani-otoshi
|
valley drop throw
|
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tanto
|
dagger or short sword
|
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tatami
|
mats originally made of rice straw
|
|
tate
|
lengthwise direction
|
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tate-shiho-gatame
|
lengthwise four quarters (direction) holding
|
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te
|
hand
|
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te-guruma
|
hand wheel throw
|
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te-waza
|
hand technique
|
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to
|
sword
|
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toketa
|
the holding technique is broken
|
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tokui
|
favorite
|
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tokui-waza
|
favorite technique
|
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tomoe
|
a circular shape
|
|
tomoe-nage
|
throwing in a circle with a foot in the
opponent's stomach
|
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tori
|
person who has the final control in a
technique
grasping movement
|
|
tsubame
|
swallow (bird)
|
|
tsubame-gaeshi
|
swallow counter throw (counter de-ashi-barai)
with a scooping action of the same throw)
|
|
tsugi
|
coming next of following
|
|
tsugi-ashi
|
walking in a sliding step so that the following
foot does not pass the front foot
|
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tsuki
|
thrusting or poking action
|
|
tsukkake
|
confrontation: a thrusting attack
|
|
tkukkomi
|
a plunging attack
|
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tsukuri
|
throw preparation; the positioning and entry part
of a throwing technique
|
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tsuri
|
lifting or suspending action
|
|
tsuri-goshi
|
lifting hip throw
|
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tsurikomi
|
lifting upward and pulling forward action
|
|
tsurikomi-goshi
|
lifting pulling hip throw
|
|
|
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uchi
|
inside inner
striking or hitting action
|
|
uchi-komi
|
repetitive drill (repetition of attacking
technique without completion)
|
|
uchi-mata
|
inner thigh throw
|
|
uchi-mata-sukashi
|
counteraction for uchi-mata executed by pivoting
the hips to slip the attack
|
|
ude
|
arm
|
|
ude-garami
|
entangled arm-lock
|
|
ude-gatame
|
holding arm-lock
|
|
ude-hishigi-juji-gatame
|
crushing cross arm-lock
|
|
uke
|
person receiving the final control by tori
|
|
ukemi
|
break falls, the way of falling
|
|
uki
|
floating
|
|
uki-goshi
|
floating hip throw
|
|
uki-otoshi
|
floating drop throw
|
|
uki-waza
|
floating technique throw
|
|
ura
|
behind, the rear direction
|
|
ura-nage
|
rear throw
|
|
ushiro-kesa-gatame
|
reverse holding by the shoulder area of the judo
uniform
|
|
utsuri
|
changing or shifting acting
|
|
utsuri-goshi
|
changing hip throw
|
|
|
|
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wakare
|
separating or splitting off action
|
|
waki
|
the area against the side of the chest or under
the armpit
|
|
|
|
|
waki-gatame
|
arm-lock holding under the armpit against the
chest
modified ushiro-kesa-gatame holding with
opponent's arm under one's armpit
|
|
waki-osae
|
modified ushiro-kesa-katame. See waki-gatame
|
|
waza
|
technique
|
|
waza-ari
|
near technique, almost ippon score
|
|
waza-ari-awasete-ippon
|
the addition of two near techniques equals ippon
(full point)
|
|
|
|
|
yakusoku
|
promise
|
|
yajusoku-geiko
|
practice by prearranged plan to work on a
particular situation
|
|
yoko
|
the side direction
|
|
yoko-gake
|
side hooking sacrifice throw
|
|
yoko-guruma
|
side wheel sacrifice throw
|
|
yoko-otoshi
|
side drop throw
|
|
yoko-shiho-gatame
|
side four quarters (direction) holding
|
|
yoko-tomoe-nage
|
side foot in the stomach circle throw done to the
side
|
|
yoko-wakare
|
side separation throw
|
|
yodan
|
4th dan ( degree) black belt holder
|
|
yon
|
four
|
|
yondan
|
4th dan ( degree) black belt holder
|
|
yonkyu
|
4th kyu (grade) colored belt holder
|
|
yoshi
|
alright, carry on, go ahead
|
|
yudansha
|
black
belt holder
|
|
yuko
|
almost
waza-ari
|
|
yusei
|
superiority
|
|
yusei-gachi
|
win by
decision of superiority
|
|
|
|
|
za-rei
|
kneeling
bow
|
|
zempo-kaiten
|
forward
rolling break fall
|
|
zuki
|
modified
pronunciation of tsuki (thrusting or poking action)
|
Judo Terms
